Section A

Section a from sophbennett1234

Class &Status

Camera Work

The representation of Class&Status is shown through Camera work with the use of shot types, angles, movement & composition. 

At the beginning of the clip there is a high angle shot, this allows you to see the girl character looking up at the boy, meaning the boy is looking down on the girl. This shows the boy to have a higher status as he is looking down at the girl, belittlleing her. Shortly after this there is a close up of the new girl character that has been introduced. During this close up you can see the girls reaction to the situation that is taking place, which is known as a reaction shot, she is portrayed to have a low status as she is shown sitting in the background with no contol of what is happening. Next there is a over the shoulder shot & again the boy character is looking down on the girl showing a higher status. However after this there is a extreme close up of the boys eyes, this aloww you too see the panic and fear in his eyes, this could suggest that he no longer has the high status because he has lost contol of the situation. There is a tracking shot of the boy character when he is running away, this shows low status as he is not big enough to stand up & face up to what he has done. After there is a long shot of the hall way and a new women character is introduced in the background, this could suggest that the women has a higher status than the others because the whole shot is focused on her and the more screen time a character gets the more important they are. Another over the shoulder shot is used but this time the new women character is looking down on the girl as she has a lower status than the women as she is dying. A high angle is used on the school car park, during this shot school children are shown running around, this shows they have a low status as they are school kids. A tilt is used on the boy character, he is still shown to have a higher status as he still has the gun in his had,representing him to be powerful. Another high angle is used of the girl character when she is lying dead on the floor, this shows low status as she is lifeless. Following this there is a medium close up of another women character that is introduced, during this shot it shows middle class as the denotation is she's wearing a suit & connotes she is a professional of some sort and also suggests higher status as she has been informed about the situation. After there is a extreme long shot of the boy walking in the streets, he is shown to be very small compared to the world around him, therefore showing him to have a very low status as he is very small, showing no power. There is a long shot following this showing the police men and women with their guns, this shows middle class as they are police men or women and also shows higher status because they have guns and are in control of the situation. 

Mise-en scene

Secondly the representation of Class&Status is portrayed through Mise-en scene with the use of setting, lighting, decor, costume ect. 

The realism of the characters is portrayed to be very realistic as stereotypically teenagers that have been brought up by a working class family would be portrayed in the same way by having the same rude attitudes and bad tempered, angry body langauge. Versimilartude is also shown a number of times throughout the clip because the storyline is very believable a similar to real life situation. The denotation of the boy character is that he has a gun. Further more you can connote that he is going to fill someone with it.  

The costume of the characters being a very untidy school uniform, with the boy character wearing a hoodie and the girl character wearing hooped earrings and a chain neckless. This shows working class as wearing hooped earrings and hoodies are a stereotype of working class people. Due to the fact that the boy has a gun it shows both Class&Status as the boy is shown to have a higher status because he has the power and control over the girl character, meaning he is dominate and she is subservient. However he is shown to be working class as he has a gun which is associated with working class gangs. The teacher that is introduced towards the end, wearing the suit is shown to be model class as she is wearing a suit but also portrayed to have an higher status than the other teacher because she is wearing casual clothes but also the character in the shot takes control of the situation showing she has a higher status. The setting and decor of the house portrays middle class because of the luxuries they have that are shown in various shots. On the other hand the other location of the back streets, ally's and gardens show working class as it looks very much like an estate. 

Sound

Thirdly the representation of Class&Status can also be shown through sounds by diegetic, non- dieget, synchronous and a synchronous sounds. 

The screaming of the girl character at the start of the clip is diegetic and synchronous. It shows the girl to have a low status as she is scared. There are also police sirens, this is diegetic and synchronous, they portray a high status as stereotypically police men/women have a high status. Also the dialogue of the police men when he is shouting shows a high status because he is I control and the boy character with the gun listens to him and does what he says, the dialogue is also diegetic and synchronous. The music throughout the the clip is non- diegetic and asynchronous, the music allows you to know when the action is about to take place as it will get more up beat when something is about to happen. The two gun shots throughout the clip are diegetic and synchronous, this shows working class as guns are stereotypically used by working class people. 

Editing

Lastly the representation of Class&Status can be shown through a number of editing techniques of either continuity editing or montage editing.

Throughout the clip there are a number of eyeliner matches used to show a high and low status of the characters. This is because when the characters are looking down on another character, for example the girl character, it shows they have the higher status and the character they are looking down on have a low status. At the beginning of the clip a shot reverse shot is used to help keep continuity when in conversation, this also allows the audience to interact with the characters and see their reactions to what the other character is saying. A number of straight cuts are also used, this is a form of montage editing. 

Overall the representation of Class&Status is shown through camera work, Mise-em scene, sound and editing to portrays both working class & middle class and high and low statuses. 

Media Ownership

Media ownership from sophbennett1234

Disney

Disney from sophbennett1234

Inbetweeners

Inbetweeners from sophbennett1234

Homework- Tuesday 13th cross media convergence & synergy

Question One- (institutions&audiences) Cross Media Convergence & Synergy are vital processes in the successful marketing of media products to audiences. To what extent do you agree with this statement in relation to film?

Both Cross Media Convergence and Synergy are an important process to help create success from the marketing of film to audiences and institutions. 

- Cross media convergence

The combining of two or more mediums (media products) Such as, the release of a film and a sound track, therefore the music industry & the film industry work together. For example: When Adele released a sound track for the film Skyfall at the same time as the film was released.

- Synergy 

The release of two or more products to promote each other. Meaning they have a beneficial relationship, known as symbiotic. For example: the film promotes the sound track, which promotes the DVD, which promotes the game Ect.  

- Marketing 

The advertising process of the film, this is done by the distributors to raise awareness of up coming films. For example: trailers, teaser trailers, posters, interviews, pop ups, posts via social networks & merchandise. 

For the majority of films the marketing process is the most important part & sometimes more money is spent on marketing the films than actually making it. Cross media convergence & synergy are both used to help promote the film to a wider level, therefore creating a bigger audience as more people are likely to see the advertisement because some people might listen to the sound track and others might watch the trailer. This affects the audience in a positive way because it allows them to be more aware of new up coming films, whereas in earlier years the only way you would know what films were coming out was by going to the cinema. Cross media convergence & synergy also affects institutions because although they may end up spending more money on marketing they will make a bigger profit in the end due to the fact that the use of synergy, having two products released to promote each other have a beneficial relationship, meaning more money is likely to be made because they have more products to make money from. For example: cinema ticket sales & sound track sales. For example: Skyfall made a total profit of over 1 billion dollars. 

Referring back to my case study, Skyfall, released in 2012 used cross media convergence within the marketing process as they released Adele's sound track along with the release of the film. This is beneficial for both institutions and audiences because it allows institutions to gain a bigger audience and helps them compete with competition from other films but also allows the audience to interact with the film as they could be familiar with the sound track before they watch the film. The release of a sound track also benefits institutions as if the audience like the film they will buy the soundtrack or if they like the sound track they will go watch the film. 

Disney uses both synergy and cross media convergence for their marketing of films. For example: the Disney channel, Disney store, Disney land & Disney characters Ect. This helps promote new films and benefits the institutions because the Disney characters appeal to the target audience of young children, therefore making them want to watch the Tim because they like the characters. This also creates massive profit for Disney as they have a number of different platforms that they can make money from. This also has a positive impact for the audiences as it creates a buzz. 

Ill manors, a British film with a low budget of £100,000 which was directed and written by Plan B. Synergy was used as a famous singer was used to write & direct the film along with the release of the film, therefore the famous director will benefit the release of the film because part of the audience will like Plan B, meaning they will want to watch his film. Also cross media convergence was used with the release of the film and Plan B's sound track. This was beneficial for the institutions as it allowed them to gain a bigger audience, meaning more money. 

Section B revision

Institutions & Audiences

Answer planning:Use a PECA system to present your case in the exam

Point - make your point and use language form the actula question to establish your understanding.

Evidence - 'Back up' your argument (the point) with evidence from an Event Movie
(your hollywood case study) OR Indie Movie( British Film Case study)

Comparison -  then make a comparison between ONE film industry and the OTHER using connective language - However......On the other hand......Opposed to this..... On the contrary.... Similarly etc

Finally - Link everything back to the question through a concluding comment that Analyses the impact/difference/similarities

You should be familiar with: 

• Issued raised by media ownership: Debate & explore the advantages & disadvantages of large conglomerates and smaller independent companies. For example: Film London Microwave, Film London's Micro-budget feature film & BBC Film produced Ill Manors (All independent companies). Whereas Sony & MGM produced Skyfall(Both large international conglomerate companies). 

Advantages & Disadvantages of big companies:

Production-

• Will be able to take risks when making films.
• Won't need to collaborate to secure funding.
• Can be more ambitious with film. For example:Get bigger starts, have more special effects and travel to better locations.

Distribution-

• More money and better links to related companies. For example: Sony Pictures Entertainment(Production Company) and Sony Pictures(Distribution Company) and Sony Platforms to exhibit film. 
• Can use synergy and cross promote via games, music & toys etc.
• Able to use Cross media convergence.

Production & Exhibition-

• Films often have to satisfy a mass market and creatively film makers cannot take as many risks as so many large companies do satisfy and revenue to achieve.
• The film has to do well at Box Office.

Advantages & Disadvantages of independent companies: 

Production & Exhibition-

• Smaller independent companies can take more risks due to the fact that there is less money involved in the process of making the film. Bigger companies cannot do this. 

Production-

• Less budget so the film will be less ambitious, with smaller scale cost, location and  special effects.
• Often have to secure extra funding and finance.

Distribution-

• Has to be targeted as less money to spend on distribution campaign.
• The film is expected to make less revenue at the Box Office.
• Can't withstand losses with Box Office returns.

• Importance of cross media convergence & synergy: Within Production, Distribution & Marketing processes. 

Cross media convergence-

The combining of two or more mediums (media products) Such as, the release of a film and a sound track, therefore the music industry & the film industry work together. For example: When Adele released a sound track for the film Skyfall at the same time as the film was released.

Synergy- 

The release of two or more products to promote each other. Meaning they have a beneficial relationship, known as symbiotic. For example: the film promotes the sound track, which promotes the DVD, which promotes the game Ect.

Cross media convergence & synergy are very similar but the key difference is that cross media convergence involves media products. Whereas synergy can involve non media products. For example: Merchandise.

Skyfall: 

• Synergy & Cross media convergence- Film, CD, DVD, Game(media related products).

Synergy- Film and Sony watches, TV's, computers that have many links to Skyfall(not media related products).

Ill Manors: 

• Synergy & Cross media convergence- Ill Manors film & Plan B's CD, the DVD, Blu-Ray and the website(media related products).
• Synergy- Any clothing, calendars, that are released at the same time as the film(not media related).

• Recent technologies that have been introduced: The continuing development of digital technology and how if effects the production, distribution, marketing, exchange and exhibition stages. 

Advantage & Disadvantages: 

Production- With the development of digital technologies, films are now shot on digital rather than film. This is an advantage because it keeps continuity of quality no matter how many times the film is shown. Whereas when shooting on film the quality decreases every time the film is shown.

Distribution- Due to the development of digital technology films are now sent to the cinemas by computer files instead of sent on roles of film in tins. This has both advantages and disadvantages. For example: it is a easier process and is a lot quicker. However the files are very easy to copy and piracy often takes place because it easy to do and it is very un likely that any one will know you have copied the file. 

Marketing- The development of digital technology allows the marketing process of the film to be worldwide as trailers on Youtube can be seen all over the world. This effects the institutions because it allows them to market their films on a number of different platforms making more profit. (More money is normally spent on marketing than actually making the film). This also effects the audience as it makes them more aware of new up coming films that are going to be released, whereas in previous years the only way the audience could find out what films are on is by going to the cinema. 

Exhibition- Developing technology of Tablets, iPads, TV's and smart phones ect effects both the institutions and audience. The audience has more choice of where they can watch the film and they can watch the films as many times as they like if they download it or buy it on DVD or watch it on VOD. Institutions however can loose money because cinema views are decreasing as the audience no longer need to go to the cinema to watch a new film. However because of the proliferation of DVD players the institutions have more platforms they can make money from. For example: Cinema ticket sales and DVD sales.

• Proliferation in hardware and content: To increase something or making it spread at a rapid rate. 

Hardwares- 

• Digital cameras and 3D cameras
• Iphones and Iplads
• The internet and social networks
• Mobiles with internet and cameras
• DVD'S and Blu-Ray

Advantages & Disadvantages:

Effect on institutions- Allows the institutions to make more money because with the proliferation of DVD players the institutions know if they release a DVD people are going to buy it if they like the film. Therefore meaning they can make more money/profit from a variety of different platforms. The proliferation of hardware also has a negative effect on institutions because people may not go to the cinema to watch the films they may just wait for it to come out on DVD, meaning they loose cinema ticket sales. Also people could borrow friends/relatives DVD's meaning they are not paying to watch it, making institutions loose money. 

Effects on audiences- The audience can now buy a DVD and then watch it as many times as they like and not have to pay more than once for it. It also allows them to watch it when every they want and they also get to watch the extra bits that come with the DVD. 

• Importance of technological convergence: The merging of different technologies giving the audience access to media content from a variety of platforms in one system. For example: Smart phones. 

In the film industry the number of platforms where you can view films is proliferating all the time. 

Advantages & Disadvantages:

• More people have access to films from different platforms.
• They can watch films when they want.
• It creates new opportunities for distribution and exhibition. 
• The growing of piracy and lost revenue.
• There is less control on audiences by film distributors & exhibitors. 

• Issued raised with national & local audiences: The targeting of national and local audiences (specifically British) by international or global institutions & Compare differences in UK/ US advertising. 

How your experience of media consumption illustrates wider patterns and trends: The audience are changing the way they want to consume films constantly. For example:

• Home cinema
• Downloads
• Netflix/Lovefilm
• DVD/Blu-Ray
• Sky Box Office 

You need to be able to discuss…

Production: The making of the film; pre-production and funding; shoot (format); post-production.

Distribution: The way the film gets to screens; distribution company.

 Marketing: The process of raising awareness; targeting an audience; creating publicity through various methods.

 Exchange: The point of sale: buying the ticket (online or in person); downloading; receiving a DVD in the post etc. 

Exhibition: The way we view; getting the film to a paying audience. 

Nature of audience consumption: The different types of ways to watch films; what is the current trend.

Relationships between audiences and institutions: Target audience; how do different types of people watch films and why.

Marks: 

• 20 marks for analysis, arguing & explaining
• 20 marks for use of examples
• 10 marks for use of terminology 

Question: 

• Cross-media convergence and synergy are vital processes in the successful marketing of media products to audiences.” To what extent do you agree with this statement in relation to your chosen media area? You must choose to focus on one of the following media areas. You may also refer to other media in your answer. Film - Music - Newspapers - Radio - Magazines - Video games.

• To what extent does digital distribution affect the marketing and consumption of media products in the media area you have studied? Candidates must focus on one of the following media areas: Film - Music - Newspapers - Radio - Magazines - Video games.

• Successful media products depend as much upon marketing and distribution to a specific audience as they do upon good production practices.” To what extent would you agree with this statement, within the media area you have studied? Candidates must choose to focus on one of the following media areas. You may make reference to other areas in your answer. - Film - Music - Newspapers - Radio - Magazines - Video games.

• Discuss the issues raised by media ownership in the production and exchange of media texts in your chosen media area. Candidates must choose to focus on one of the following media areas. You may make reference to other areas in your answer. - Film - Music - Newspapers - Radio - Magazines - Video games.

• What significance does the continuing development of digital media technology have for media institutions and audiences? Candidates must choose to focus on one of the following media areas. You may make reference to other media in your answer.

• Media production is dominated by global institutions, which sell their products and services to national audiences.” To what extent do you agree with this statement? Candidates must choose to focus on one of the following media areas. You may make reference to other media in your answer. Film Music Newspapers Radio Magazines Video games

• How important is technological convergence for institutions and audiences within a media area which you have studied? Candidates focus on one of the following media areas though you may make reference to other media where relevant to your answer.

• Discuss the ways in which media products are produced and distributed to audiences, within a media area, which you have studied. Candidates must choose to focus on one of the following media areas though you may make reference to other media where relevant to your answer.

Production, Distribution, Marketing, Exchange & Exhibition stages should be discussed within your answer.